How The Invention Of The Pupillometer Is Changing Medical Treatment?

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Pupil size and sensitivity to light are two indicators of neurological health that have been used for more than a century by doctors for pupillary evaluation and monitor patients with suspected or known brain damage or altered awareness. In reality, physicians used candles to test a patient's sensitivity to light before the invention of electricity.

What is the Pupillometer?

Patients who have had a stroke or a severe brain injury are regularly evaluated for pupil size as part of the neurological assessment. When it comes to determining pupil size and dynamic reaction, the first smartphone-based pupillometer was launched in 2019.

The term "pupillometer" refers to a group of two instruments. Both of them are utilized in ophthalmology. When used together, they can quantify the distance between pupils using visual stimuli and the pupil's reaction to a light reflex. A programmable Pupillometer is a portable device that may be used to reliably measure the size of the pupil, the responsiveness of the pupil, and the symmetry of the pupil in response to light reflex. As a non-invasive approach to assessing the pupil, pupillometry may be very useful in the evaluation of neurological conditions.

Types of Pupillometer

• Video: A video pupillometer is a refined version of this device. To capture the whole activity of pupil dilation, it is preferable to use a camera. This outcome may be further investigated in order to have a comprehensive knowledge of the changes and the factors that contributed to them. NeurOptics, a pupillometer manufacturer, has introduced many video pupillometers employed in critical care units and clinical and applied research.
• Digital: When it comes to measuring the size and activity of the pupil, the digital pupilometer is regarded to be the most exact and rapid method available. With a digital pupilometer, even the smallest variations in the pupillary response may be detected and recorded. These frames are captured by the gadget in a matter of seconds and then computed and examined to estimate the pupil's dilation.

Advantages

• When compared to EEG and MEG, the pupillometer is a more cost-effective option.
• It is a minimally invasive procedure.
• In ophthalmology, it is often employed in the diagnosis of various diseases.
• It may be used to help in the diagnosis of neurological conditions.

Applications of Pupillometer

Neurology

Any brain injury is connected with nerve damage, which is shown by the disparity in the interpretation of the findings of the Pupillometer test. The Pupillary Light Reflex (PLR) is a valuable tool in the evaluation of a wide range of neurological conditions. PLR evaluation, in turn, is advantageous in analyzing the functioning of the oculomotor and optical nerves, as previously stated.

Oncology

An essential tool in the evaluation of brain tumors is pupillometry, which may be performed in a variety of circumstances. It is necessary to utilize a pupilometer in order to determine the level of anesthesia. In order to better comprehend different health diseases such as breast cancer, stroke, and thyroid tumor, much research is being carried out with the use of a Pupillometer.

Ophthalmology

In eye clinics, the use of pupillometers for the examination of pupil dilation is becoming more common, which is helpful in the diagnosis of illnesses of the retina. The pupillary light reflex is useful in determining the accuracy of the visual system is functioning.

Conclusion:

Increasingly, pupillometers are being used in eye clinics for the evaluation of pupillary reaction, which helps evaluate retinal disorders. A pupillary light reflex is a valuable tool for assessing visual system accuracy.